-
1 ἁψίς
2 felloe of a wheel, Hes.Op. 426, Lyr.in PLG3.740; the wheel itself, Hdt.4.72, E.Hipp. 1233; κύκλος ἁψῖδος the potter's wheel, APl.4.191 (Nicaenet.).3 in Archit., dowel-pin, IG11(2).161A70 (De<*>los, iii B. C.).4 disk, τὴν ἡμερίαν ἁψῖδα, of the sun, E. Ion 88; segment cut off by rainbow, Arist.Mete. 371b28, cf. Poet. ap. Plu.2.103f.5 arch or vault (cf.ψαλίς 11
),ἐπὶ τὴν ὑπουράνιον ἁψῖδα Pl.Phdr. 247b
, cf. Suid. s.v. αἰθεροβατεῖν, Epigr.Gr. 1078 ([place name] Adana), IGRom.3.975, PMag.Lond.46.41; Bis Acc.33; triumphal arch, D.C.53.22,26, etc.: metaph.,κάμπτειν ἐπῶν ἁψῖδας Ar.Th. 53
.b σελάνας ἐς δεκάταν ἁψῖδα in the moon's tenth orbit, i. e. the tenth month, Hymn.Is.38. -
2 σελήνη
σελήν-η, ἡ, [dialect] Dor. [full] σελάνα [pron. full] [λᾱ] Pi.O.10.75, [dialect] Aeol. [full] σελάννα Sapph. 3,53; cf. also σεληναίη:—A the moon, σ. πλήθουσα the full- moon, Il.18.484; σ. ἀεξομένη, ὀλίγη κεράεσσι, Arat.780, 733; a moon's breadth, measure used by early astronomers, Ptol.Alm.9.10; νουμηνία κατὰ σελήνην, i.e. by the lunar month, Th.2.28, cf. SIG683.44 (ii B.C.);τὰς ἡμέρας κατὰ σ. ἄγειν D.L.1.59
, cf. PHib.1.27.42 (iii B.C.); πρὸς τὴν σ. ὁρᾶν by moonlight, And.1.38, cf. X.HG5.1.9;ἐν σελήνῃ Ach.Tat.3.2
; ἡ ἐκ τῆς σ. νόσος,= σεληνιασμός, Ael.NA14.27; τὴν σ. καθελεῖν, of Thessalian witches, Ar.Nu. 750, cf. Pl.Grg. 513a, Sosiph. 1.b month, δεκάτῃ σελήνῃ in the tenth moon, E.El. 1126, cf. Alc. 431, Tr. 1075 (lyr.); πολλὰς ς. Id.Hel. 114; τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς ς. Astramps.Orac.p.3 H.;ὁρῶν ἄγουσαν τὴν σ. εἰκάδας Ar.Nu.17
.4 name of a plant, Ps.-Plu.Fluv.18.5; cf.σελήνιον 11
. -
3 Σ ς
Σ ς, [full] σίγμα or [full] σῖγμα (both accents are found in codd.), τό, twentyfirst letter of the Etruscan abecedaria, IG14.2420, and prob. of the oldest Gr. alphabets (corresponding to the twenty-first Hebrew letterA shin <*>, Phoenician [full] Ω, Syria 6.103), but eighteenth of the [dialect] Ion. alphabet: as numeral σ = 200, but [num] σ' = 200,000: a semi-vowel, Arist.Po. 1456b28, cf. Pl.Tht. 203b.A the oldest forms expressing this sound were [full] Μ (which is however the old eighteenth letter, q.v.), also [full] Σ and [full] ς; compared to a twisted curl, E.Fr.382.7, Theodect.6; to a Scythian bow, Agatho 4; after this, but yet early, it took the shape of a semicircle <*>, whence Aeschrio (Fr.1 ) calls the new moon τὸ καλὸν οὐρανοῦ νέον σῖγμα: hence the orchestra is called τὸ τοῦ θεάτρου σῖγμα, Phot., AB 286: and Lat. writers used sigma of a semicircular couch, Mart.10.48.6, etc.; cf. σιγμοειδής. The rare form <*> is used in the numbering of building-stones in Berl.Sitzb.1888.1234, 1242 (Pergam.). From final [full] ς must be disting uished the character [full] ς = 6, v. [full] ϝ ϝ (sixth letter).B the name [full] σίγμα ( [full] σῖγμα) was usu. indeclinable,τοῦ σῖγμα Pl.
l.c., Cra. 402e, 427a, Ath.10.455c, Lyd.Mens.1.21 (v.l. σίγματος); τῷ σῖγμα Gal.UP2.14
, al.;τῶν σῖγμα Pl.Com.30
;τὰ σίγμα τὰ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀσπίδων X.HG4.4.10
, cf. Hellad. ap. Phot.Bibl.p.532 B.; later declined,τοῦ σίγματος Eust.1389.15
;σίγμασιν Id.905.7
.2 we also hear of another name [full] σάν [ᾰ], τό, ta\ ou)no/mata/ sfi (sc. τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι)τελευτῶσι πάντα ἐς τὠυτὸ γράμμα, τὸ Δωριέες μὲν σὰν καλέουσι, Ἴωνες δὲ σίγμα Hdt.1.139
, cf. Pi.Dith.Oxy. 1604 Fr. 1 ii 3, Ath.11.467a; as name of the fourth and tenth letters in Θρασύμαχος, and of the sixth in Διονύσο ([etym.] υ), Epigr. ap. Ath.10.454f, Achae.33.4; cf. the compd. σαμ-φόρας: σάν and σίγμα were evidently pronounced alike; it is conjectured that σάν is originally the name of the old eighteenth letter.
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